The Timor Green Pigeon (Treron psittaceus) has recently appeared in global news because a new study shows it is now on the verge of extinction, it could vanish within years without urgent action, the study explicitly calls for the Timor Green Pigeon to be uplisted from Endangered to Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, reflecting its new “likely to go extinct” status..
A 2026 study led by Charles Darwin University and BirdLife International, published in the journal Oryx, estimates only about 100–500 individuals remain, mostly confined to Timor‑Leste’s Lautem District, while the species is considered functionally extinct in Indonesia.
Regional Decline:
- Indonesia: The species is now considered functionally extinct in Indonesia, with the last sighting in West Timor recorded in 2005..
- Timor-Leste: The remaining population is concentrated primarily in the Nino Konis Santana National Park within the Lautem District..
Primary Threats
The collapse of the Timor Green Pigeon population is driven by human activities that target both the birds and their limited environment…
- Local hunting remains the most immediate threat, as the birds are often targeted for food.
- As an endemic species of the Wallacea biodiversity hotspot, it exists nowhere else on Earth, making its localized decline irreversible..
- Researchers surveyed the bird for over 1,400 field days between 2002 and 2025 and found sightings have collapsed in the last two decades, with 82% of records inside protected areas like Nino Konis Santana National Park, yet hunting and weak enforcement still drive the decline.
Conservation groups and authors stress that Timor‑Leste’s rich but overlooked biodiversity needs more international attention and funding, and that focused community engagement and better‑enforced protection of a small number of remaining habitats could still save the species…
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